portfolio basics

Educational articles in this subcategory.

Core Asset Allocation Models for US Investors

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Asset allocation determines 93.6% of portfolio return variation over time, dominating secur...

intermediate2025-12-28

Designing a Three-Fund Portfolio

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 The three-fund portfolio delivers global diversification across 21,600+ securities using ex...

intermediate2025-12-28

Adding Bonds to Reduce Volatility

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Adding 20% bonds to a 100% stock portfolio reduces volatility from 18.5% to 14.7% (20.5% re...

intermediate2025-12-28

Role of Cash and Short-Term Instruments

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Cash serves three legitimate portfolio functions: emergency reserves (3-6 months expenses),...

intermediate2025-12-28

How to Select US Equity Index Building Blocks

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Total US stock market index funds deliver 99.5% market coverage across 3,700 stocks using s...

intermediate2025-12-28

International Exposure Decisions for US Investors

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 International stocks represent 44% of global market capitalization across 8,000 companies i...

intermediate2025-12-28

Incorporating Real Assets and Alternatives

**Difficulty:** Advanced **Published:** 2025-12-28 Real assets (REITs, commodities, gold) and inflation-protected securities add complexity to por...

advanced2025-12-28

Rebalancing Rules: Frequency and Tolerance Bands

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Annual rebalancing with ±5 percentage point tolerance bands delivers 99% of returns versus ...

intermediate2025-12-28

Risk Budgeting and Position Limits

**Difficulty:** Advanced **Published:** 2025-12-28 Single stock concentration creates 50-70% higher volatility versus diversified portfolio, with ...

advanced2025-12-28

Dollar-Cost Averaging Implementation Guide

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Lump-sum investing outperformed dollar-cost averaging in 68% of rolling 12-month periods ac...

intermediate2025-12-28

Tax-Efficient Asset Location Basics

**Difficulty:** Beginner **Published:** 2025-12-28 Optimal asset location adds 0.20% to 0.75% in annual after-tax returns by placing high-tax inve...

beginner2025-12-28

Building Income-Focused vs Growth Portfolios

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Growth portfolios outperformed income portfolios by 1.3% annually from 2000 to 2023, compou...

intermediate2025-12-28

Stress Testing Portfolios Against Market Scenarios

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Portfolio stress testing during the first 5 years of retirement predicts 30-year success wi...

intermediate2025-12-28

Creating IPS (Investment Policy Statement) Templates

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Individual investors with written Investment Policy Statements achieve **2.4% higher annual...

intermediate2025-12-28

Evaluating Model Portfolios vs DIY

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Model portfolios via robo-advisors (0.25% fee) outperformed the average DIY investor by **1...

intermediate2025-12-28

How to Use Target-Date Funds as Core Holdings

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Target-date fund users achieved **90% of their retirement savings goals** versus **67% for ...

intermediate2025-12-28

Factor Tilts: Value, Quality, Momentum Basics

**Difficulty:** Beginner **Published:** 2025-12-28 Small-cap value stocks outperformed large-cap growth by **5.2% annually** from 1927-2015 (Fama ...

beginner2025-12-28

Using ETFs for Sector Bets Responsibly

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Tactical sector bets underperformed balanced portfolios by **-1.8% annually** after fees fr...

intermediate2025-12-28

Tracking Performance vs. Benchmarks

**Difficulty:** Intermediate **Published:** 2025-12-28 Portfolios without defined benchmarks underperformed appropriate benchmarks by **1.2% annua...

intermediate2025-12-28

Glossary: Portfolio Construction Terms

**Difficulty:** Beginner **Published:** 2025-12-28 This glossary defines 28 essential terms for building and managing diversified portfolios. Each...

beginner2025-12-28

Core Asset Allocation Models for US Investors

Core Asset Allocation Models for US Investors Difficulty: Intermediate Publication Date: 2025-12-05 ## Definition and Key Concepts Core asset allocat...

intermediate2025-12-05